Today | News | Books | Recipes Adventure | Science Fiction | Ghost stories | Poetry | Children | History Bookde." Gifford. [585] _Brutidius._ Tacitus speaks thus of him: "Brutidium artibus honestis copiosum et, si rectum iter pergeret, ad clarissima quæque iturum festinatio exstimulabat, dum æquales, dein superiores, postremo suasmet ipse spes anteire parat." Ann., iii., 66. He had been one of the accusers of Silanus, and was involved in Sejanus' fall. "Magna est fornacula" is well borne out by Tacitus' account. "Cunctos qui carcere attinebantur, accusati societatis cum Sejano, necari jubet. _Jacuit immensa strages_; omnis sexus omnis ætas: inlustres ignobiles--corpora adsectabantur dum in Tiberim traherentur." Ann., vi., 19. [586] _Victus._ Fierce as Ajax, when worsted in the contest for the arms of Achilles. [587] _Exercitibus præponere._ Vid. Tac., Ann., iv., 2, "Centuriones ac Tribunos ipse deligere: neque senatorio ambitu abstinebat clientes suos honoribus aut provinciis ornando, facili Tiberio atque ita prono ut socium laborum celebraret." [588] _Tutor._ "Arraign Thy feeble sovereign in a guardian's strain, Who sits amid his foul Chaldæan herd In that august domain to Rome preferr'd." Badham. [589] _Sedentis._ Cf. Suet., Tib., 43; Tac., Ann., vi., 1. Grangæus supposes this word to have reference to the Sellaria there described. It probably only refers to his luxury and indolence. Tiberius was with Augustus when he visited Capreæ shortly before his death: "remisissimo ad otium et ad omnem comitatem animo. Vicinam Capreis insulam ἀπραγοπόλιν appellabat à desidiâ secedentium illuc e comitatu suo." Cf. c. 40. Tac., Ann., iv., 67. [590] _Augusta._ The old reading was angustâ. The alteration of a single letter converts a forceless expletive into an epithet full of picturesque and historic truth. [591] _Egregios equites._ The flower of the Roman army, the prætorian troops, of which Sejanus was præfect. [592] _Vasa minora._ "To pound false weights and scanty measures break." Dryden. [593] _Ulubris._ Cf. Hor., i., Ep. xi., 30, "Est Ulubris, animus si non tibi deficit æquus." Another joke at the expense of the plebeian ædiles (cf. iii., 162), who had the charge of inspecting weights and measures, markets and provisions, roads, theatres, etc. These functionaries still exist (as Gifford says), "as ragged and consequential" as ever, in the Italian villages, retaining their old name of Podestà. "Deal out the law, and curb with high decree The tricks of trade at empty Ulubræ." Hodgson. [594] _Altior._ The idea is probably borrowed from Menander, ἐπαίρεται γὰρ μεῖζον, ἵνα μεῖζον πέσῃ. So hence Horace, ii., Od. x., 10, "Celsæ graviore casu decidunt turres." So Claudian in Rufin., i., 22, "Tolluntur in altum ut lapsu graviore ruant;" and Shakspeare, "Raised up on high to be hurl'd down below." [595] _Ruinæ._ So Milton. "With hideous _ruin_ and combustion down." C. Badham. [596] _Crassos._ M. Licinius Crassus and his son Publius; both killed in the Parthian war. [597] _Pompeios._ Cn. Pompeius Magnus, and his two sons, Cnæus and Sextus. [598] _Domitos._ "The stubborn pride of Roman nobles broke, And bent their haughty necks beneath his yoke." Dryd. [599] _Colit._ Ov., Fast., iii., 816, "Qui benè placârit Pallada doctus erit." [600] _Vernula._ This slave was called Capsarius. Suet., Ner., 36. Cf. ad vi., 451. [601] _Quinquatribus._ Cf. Hor., ii., Ep. ii., 197, "Puer ut festis quinquatribus olim." This festival originally lasted only _one_ day; and was celebrated xiv. Kal. April. It was so called "quia _post diem quintum_ Idus Martias ageretur." So "post diem sextum" was called Sexatrus; and "post diem septimum," Septimatrus. Varro, L. L., v., 3. It was afterward _extended_ to five days; hence the "vulgus" supposed that to have been the origin of the name; and so Ovid takes it, "Nominaque a junctis quinque diebus habet," Fast., iii., 809; who says it was kept in honor of Minerva's natal day, "Causa quod est illâ nata Minerva die," l. 812. (Others say, because on that day her temple on Mount Aventine was consecrated.) Domitian kept the festival in great state at his Alban villa. Suet., Domit., iv. Cicero has a punning allusion to it. Vid. Fam., xii., 25. These five days were the schoolmasters' holidays; and on the first they received their pay, or entrance fee, διδακτρὰ, hence called Minerval; though Horace seems to imply they were paid every month, "Octonis referentes Idibus æra." I., Sat. vi., 75. The lesser Quinquatrus were on the Ides of June. Ov., Fast., vi., 651, "Quinquatrus jubeor narrare minores," called also Quinquatrus Minusculæ. [602] _Rostra._ Popilius Lenas, who cut off Cicero's head and hands, carried them to Antony, who rewarded him with a civic crown and a large sum of money, and ordered the head to be fixed between the hands to the Rostra. (For the _name_, vid. Liv., viii., 14.) [603] _Antonî gladios._ Quoting Cicero's own words, "Contempsi Catilinæ gladios, non pertimescam tuos." Phil., ii., 46. "For me, the sorriest rhymes I'd rather claim, Than bear the brunt of that Philippic's fame, The second! the divine!" Badham. [604] _Torrentem._ So i., 9, "Torrens dicendi copia;" iii., 74, "Isæo torrentior." At the approach of Antipater, Demosthenes fled from Athens, and took refuge in the temple of Poseidon at Calaureia, near Argolis; and fearing to fall into the hands of Archias, took poison, which he carried about with him in a reed, or, as Pliny says, in a ring, xxxiii., 1. [605] _Forcipibus._ Cf. Virg., Æn., viii., 453, "Versantque tenaci forcipe massam." Juvenal seems to have had the whole passage in his eye. [606] _Vulcano._ Demosthenes' father was a μαχαιροποιός: in which capacity he employed a large number of slaves, ἐργαστήριον ἔχων μέγα καὶ δούλους τεχνίτας. But as he could not afford to place his son under the costly Isocrates, he sent him to Isæus. [607] _Truncis._ Virg., Æn., xi., 5. Ingentem quercum decisis undique ramis Constituit tumulo, fulgentiaque induit arma, Mezenti ducis _exuvias_, tibi magne _tropæum_ Bellipotens: aptat rorantes sanguine cristas Telaque _trunca_ viri. [608] _Aplustre_, the ἄφλαστον of the Greeks was the high peak of the galley, from which rose the ensign. [609] _Arcu._ Cf. Suet., Domit., 13, "Janos arcusque cum quadrigis et insignibus triumphorum per regiones urbis tantos et tot exstruxit, ut cuidam Græcè inscriptum sit, ἀρκεῖ-." Some think there is an allusion here to the column of Trajan, erected in honor of his Dacian victories. This would bring down the date of this Satire to after A.D. 113. [610] _Amplectitur._ "That none confess fair Virtue's genuine power, Or woo her to their breast without a dower." Gifford. [611] _Sepulchris_; from Propertius, III., ii., 19, _seq._ So Ausonius, "Mors etiam saxis, nominibusque venit." "For fate hath foreordain'd its day of doom, Not to the tenant only, but the tomb." Badham. [612] _Exp |